Which of the following practices can enhance carbon sink capacities?

Enhancing carbon sink capacities is primarily about increasing the ability of natural systems to absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Afforestation and reforestation are two effective practices for achieving this goal.

Afforestation involves planting trees in areas that were not previously forested, while reforestation involves replanting trees in areas that have been deforested. Both practices contribute to the carbon sink capacity by establishing new forests or replenishing existing ones, which absorb CO2 during the process of photosynthesis. Trees and forests play a vital role in the global carbon cycle; as they grow, they sequester carbon in their biomass (trunks, branches, leaves, and roots) and in the soil. This not only reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere but also supports biodiversity, improves air quality, and enhances ecosystems.

Other choices, such as increasing fossil fuel use, urbanization of rural areas, and mining natural resources, typically lead to increased carbon emissions rather than enhancing carbon sink capacities. Therefore, these practices do not contribute positively to carbon capture and storage in the same way that afforestation and reforestation do.