What role do oceans play as carbon sinks?

Oceans play a crucial role as carbon sinks by absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: the direct dissolution of CO2 in seawater and the biological processes of marine organisms.

When CO2 from the atmosphere comes into contact with ocean water, it dissolves and reacts chemically to form carbonic acid, which further dissociates to form bicarbonate and carbonate ions. This chemical process effectively removes CO2 from the atmosphere, helping to mitigate the greenhouse effect and climate change.

Additionally, oceans support extensive ecosystems, such as phytoplankton, which utilize carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. These organisms convert CO2 into organic matter, playing a significant role in the biological carbon pump. When these organisms die, some of their carbon-rich matter sinks to the ocean floor, effectively sequestering carbon for long periods.

The incorrect options highlight different misconceptions about the role of oceans in carbon cycling. For instance, noting that oceans release carbon dioxide contradicts the established science regarding their function as a carbon sink. Claiming that oceans have no significant impact on carbon levels overlooks the notable quantities of carbon they store and cycle. Moreover, suggesting that oceans exclusively store plant matter disregards the complex interactions within marine ecosystems and the