What is the primary purpose of using catalytic converters in vehicles?

The primary purpose of using catalytic converters in vehicles is to reduce harmful emissions. Catalytic converters are integral components of the vehicle's exhaust system that facilitate chemical reactions to convert harmful pollutants in the exhaust gases into less harmful substances before they are released into the atmosphere.

Inside the catalytic converter, there are catalysts, usually made of platinum, palladium, and rhodium, which promote reactions that convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water, and nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and oxygen. This process is crucial for lowering levels of toxic emissions, such as carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and nitrogen oxides, which are linked to air pollution and health problems.

By effectively reducing these harmful emissions, catalytic converters play a vital role in meeting environmental regulations and improving air quality. This highlights the significance of their design and function in modern vehicles aimed at minimizing environmental impact during operation.