What is the primary function of an inverter in solar energy systems?

The primary function of an inverter in solar energy systems is to convert direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC). This conversion is crucial because most household appliances and the electrical grid operate on AC. Solar panels produce DC electricity when they convert sunlight into energy, but to use this energy in homes or to feed it back into the grid, it must be converted to AC.

While energy storage devices such as batteries play a crucial role in solar systems for managing energy supply, this is the function of separate components rather than the inverter. Additionally, inverters themselves can have features that improve overall system efficiency, but their main role is specifically the conversion of electricity types. Hence, the correct choice highlights the inverter’s essential function in enabling the practical use of solar energy.